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Variations on an Original Theme for Orchestra ("Enigma"), commonly referred to as the Enigma Variations
Instrumentation: orchestra consisting of 2 flutes (one doubling piccolo), 2 oboes, 2 clarinets in B flat, 2 bassoons, contrabassoon, 4 horns in F, 3 trumpets in F, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, side drum, triangle, bass drum, cymbals, organ (ad lib) and strings |
Op. 36 |
1898-1899 |
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The secret melody to Elgar's 'Enigma' Variations is 'Ein feste Burg' (A Mighty Fortress) by Martin Luther. In this melodic mapping, J.S. Bach's version of 'Ein feste Burg' (from Cantata BWV 80) plays just once 'through and over' all 17 measures of the Enigma Theme. Such a horizontal melodic mapping has never before been achieved with any other proposed melody. There are various musical ciphers in the Variations confirming the identities of both the covert Principal Theme and the secret friend and inspiration behind Variation XIII.
Author: Robert W. Padgett (January 9, 2013)
Watch on YouTube with score mapping: Elgar's Enigma Theme with Bach's 'Ein feste Burg' BWV 80 [1:15]
To learn more about these intriguing discoveries, visit: Elgar's Enigma Theme Unmasked |
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